Built in the 19th Century

WHS whose OUV derives entirely or significantly from 19th century constructions. Where construction straddles the centuries the date of conception/commencement is used i.e which century does the site really "belong" to in spirit.

World Heritage Sites connected to 'Built in the 19th Century':

  • Aapravasi Ghat The Ghat was the reception location for c 500000 indentured labourers arriving from 1834-1920. The main buildings date between 1849-65
  • Asante Traditional Buildings "There exists today only a small number of the traditional structures, habitats of man and gods, of which the majority are less than 100 years old" (AB eval). The Besease Shrine was built c1850
  • Australian Convict Sites Hyde Park Barracks, Fremantle Prison, Great North Road, Cascades Female Factory, Brickendon and Woolmers Estates
  • Blaenavon Industrial Landscape Although the Ironworks commenced in 1788 the majority of the growth took plae in the 19th century - Big Pit was opened in 1880
  • Budapest Large parts of the inscribed area were constructed in the 19th century - the Bridge (1849) , the Parliament (1884-1904), the Andrassy Avenue area (1872-85 ) and the underground (1893-6)
  • Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus 1887
  • Cienfuegos laid out in its current form in 1819 with 6 buildings remaining from then until 1850 and a further 327 to 1900
  • Coffee Cultural Landscape Growing of coffee and construction of the towns started in the 19th century
  • Crespi d'Adda from 1878
  • Curonian Spit Criterion V: "massive protection and stabilization works begun in the 19th century and still continuing to the present day"
  • Decorated Farmhouses of Hälsingland Tradition dates from earlier, but these 7 were built in the 1800s
  • Defence Line of Amsterdam built 1883-1920
  • First Coffee Plantations
  • Fortified City of Carcassonne It is of exceptional importance by virtue of the restoration work carried out in the second half of the 19th century by Viollet-le-Duc (AB ev)
  • Grand-Bassam late 19th and early 20th-century colonial town (AB ev)
  • Hospicio Cabanas inaugurated in 1829
  • Hué Blossomed as capital of unified Viet Nam from 1802 on
  • Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works
  • Island of Saint-Louis Founded in 1659 by French traders on an uninhabited island but remained little more than a fortified factory until the English departed in 1817 after a 16 year occupation, leaving it in ruins. A “plan d’urbanisation “ was prepared in 1828 defining the regular street layout etc and in 1854 a new governor, Faidherbe, oversaw the completion of the ensemble with further large scale projects.
  • Kunta Kinteh Island 6 Gun Battery and Fort Bullen were built in 1816 and 1826 "with the specific intent of thwarting the slave trade once it had become illegal in the British Empire after the passing of the Abolition Act in 1807." (AB eval)
  • La Chaux-de-Fonds / Le Locle Planned in the early 19th century, after extensive fires, the towns owed their existence to this single industry. (AB ev)
  • Liverpool The main commercial areas and significant buildings date from the 19th century
  • Major Town Houses Hotel Tassel 1894, Hotel Solvay 1895-8, Hotel Van Eetvelde 1897 -1900, Maison and Atelier Horta 1898-1901
  • Mining Sites of Wallonia Early 19th
  • Mountain Railways of India DHR 1879-81, Niligri 1891-1908, Kalka-Shimla 1899-1903
  • Museumsinsel (Museum Island) Altes Museum built 1824-8. Master Plan created 1841, Neues Museum 1843-7, Nationalgalerie 1866, Bodenmuseum 1897-1904, Pergamonmuseum 1909-30
  • Muskauer Park Founded in 1815
  • National History Park Thre fort was constructed between 1805-20 and the Palace from 1810-13
  • Paris, Banks of the Seine Eifel Tower (1889), Grand Palais
  • Pearling The pearling boom reached its apogee in the last quarter of the 19th century (AB ev) & earliest remaining inscribed buildings
  • Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and Canal 1805
  • Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian Metropolitans
  • Rideau Canal Opened 1832 - project initiated in 1824
  • Royal Exhibition Building Completed 1880 for the 1888 exhibition
  • Royal Palaces of Abomey Among the palaces surviving after the destruction of another 10 in the invasion of 1894 are those of Kings Ghezo (1818-58), Gl?l? (1858-89) and Behanzin (1889- 1894)
  • Saltaire Founded by Sir Titus Salt in 1853
  • Semmering Railway 1848-54
  • SGang Gwaay "Frozen" after the permanent inhabitants left in the late 19th century; link
  • Shirakawa-go and Gokayama Oldest remaining ones date from the 19th. This specific way of construction started "from the late 17th century until the 1970s; its requirement of large enclosed spaces for silkworm beds and storage of mulberry leaves" (AB ev)
  • Sintra Pena National Palace (1842-1854), Castelo dos Mouros reconstructed in the 19th century
  • Statue of Liberty Inaugurated 1886
  • Stone Town of Zanzibar For cultural fusion "In the 19th century this Swahili tradition was overwhelmed by new styles brought in by the floods of immigrants." and suppression of slavery "The Anglican cathedral is in part a monument commemorating the abolition of the slave trade in the Sultan’s dominions. The foundation stone was laid in 1873" (AB ev)
  • Struve Geodetic Arc the surveys were made between 1816-55
  • Tequila Most of the Haciendas and Distilleries date from the 19th century when the growth in international trade in Tequila led to a large increase in production and industrialisation took place
  • The Four Lifts The first Lift was built in 1882 and a major part of the canal in 1892 - though the other 3 Lifts weren't constructed until 1909-17
  • Tlacotalpan Although populated by some Spaniards in the mid 16th century the settlement hardly grew until the 19th and was destroyed by fires in 1698, 1788 and 1790. In 1821 however it became the port for exports from Oaxaca and Puebla and grew significantly. It was granted "town" status in 1865
  • Tombs of Buganda Kings The earliest present tomb structure dates to around 1882 (was built as a palace, and turned into a royal tomb in 1884)
  • Valparaiso exceptional testimony to the early phase of globalization in the late 19th century (AB ev)
  • Verla Groundwood and Board Mill Founded 1872 but destroyed by fire in 1876. Rebuilt 1882
  • Vienna The Ring
  • Viñales Valley “Les activites economiques et socio-culturelles demarrent aux XVIIe siecle……..La culture du tabac fait ensuite son apparition, devenue la principale activite economique “ (Nom file) ..“The area was colonised at the beginning of the 1800s by tobacco growers from the Canary Islands… The first settlement in Viñales is documented in 1871, in the form of a ranch … The town was established in 1878 as a typical community, with church, school, hospital and recreation park” (Wiki)… “Visit to EL Palenque de los Cimarrones, a place where a runaway slave’s hide-out is recreated and you learn about afro Cuban religion & the history of the slaves in the 19 century” (tourism web site)
  • Vizcaya Bridge 1893
  • Vlkolinec The current buildings date mainly from the 19th century
  • Völklingen Ironworks the plant was originally developed in 1873 and 5 Blast furnaces and a coking plant had been constructed by 1897
  • Wieliczka Salt Mine Kinga underground Chapel 1895