Brick architecture
Connected Sites
| Site | Rationale | Link |
| Albi | Cathedral | |
| Amsterdam Canal Ring | Several buildings, including the Beurs van Berlage | |
| Angkor | Angkor's Pre Rup and Roluos complex are brick buildings. | |
| Anuradhapura | Brick dagobas | |
| Aranjuez | The palace is made out of brick | |
| Assisi | Chiesa Nuova | |
| Astronomical Observatories of Kazan Federal University | both buildings are made of brick | |
| Australian Convict Sites | Hyde Park Barracks | |
| Ayutthaya | ||
| Babylon | ||
| Baekje Historic Areas | “The stone chamber tombs with a corridor and the brick chamber tombs that were discovered in the Royal Tombs in Songsan-ri and the Royal Tombs in Neungsan-ri clearly illustrate that Baekje embraced – and advanced – the royal tomb-building technique of vaulted brick chamber tombs, which were popular at that time in China.” - Nomination File | |
| Bagan | ||
| Belfries | Belfries of Armentières, Bailleul, Bergues, Binche, Calais, Comines, Doullens, Dunkerque, Eeklo, Loos, Lille, Gravelines, Herentals, Menen, Nieuwpoort, Tielt; market hall of Bruges | |
| Brugge | ||
| Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur | ||
| Bukhara | ||
| Champagne | Champagne houses, such as the Maison Deutz and the Maison Ayala. Brick has also been used in the traditional cellars in Hautvillers and for the ventilation chimneys. (Nomination file, p. 64, 67, 78, 79) - Several buildings on the Avenue de Champagne, e.g. Château de Pékin, Hôtel Papelard, Château Perrier, the former buildings of Piper-Heidsieck, the Pol Roger buildings + Fort Chabrol (Nomination file, p. 124, 128, 136) | |
| Church of Atlántida | the Church complex, all built in exposed brick (AB ev) | |
| City of Luxembourg | The towers, fortifications and bridges, e.g. the Pont du Château, are made out of brick. | |
| Colonies of Benevolence | Many of the buildings in the colony are made of brick: former institutions, religious buildings, farms, staff houses, workshops, former schools, etc. (See illustrations in Wikipedia articles on Wilhelminaoord and Veenhuizen) | |
| Cordouan Lighthouse | "The buildings at platform level, built within the inner walls of the ring structure" are built "in Saint-Savinien stone and brick". (AB Ev) | |
| Dengfeng | Songyue Pagoda - "the earliest known Chinese brick pagoda" (wiki) | |
| Dholavira: A Harappan City | The defensive walls of Dholavira built in Stages II and III were made of brick masonry. (Nomination text, p. 51, 70) | |
| Dutch Water Defence Lines | Fort near Abcoude, Muiden Fortress | |
| Fagus Factory | ||
| Ferapontov Monastery | The Treasury Chamber (1530s) "is the oldest brick civil building in northern Russia." (AB Ev) – "The Ensemble of Ferapontov Monastery (...) consists of 6 brick buildings of XV-XVII centuries enclosed in a brick wall of XIX-XX centuries". – "The Cathedral of the Nativity of the Virgin [is] the first brick building of Lake Baloe region and the monastery." (Nomination file, p. 1, 4) | |
| Ferrara | Many of the buildings in Ferrara are made with brick. "The Palazzo Schifanoia (...) has a long brick facade with a marble portal bearing the arms of the commanderv, the work of Ercole de' Roberti." (1995 AB Ev) + Castello Estense (Wikipedia) | |
| Flemish Béguinages | ||
| Florence | The dome of Florence cathedral is "the largest brick dome ever constructed". | |
| Frank Lloyd Wright Buildings | Roman Brick, Robie House | |
| Gamzigrad-Romuliana | Opus latericium | |
| Gonbad-e Qâbus | baked-brick | |
| Gyeongju | Bunhwangsa Temple was built in honor of Queen Seondeok (27th ruler of Silla, 632-647), who was the first female ruler of the Silla kingdom. Here you will find Mojeonseoktap, the oldest surviving stone pagoda from the Silla kingdom. A structure unlike any other, Mojeonseoktap is made of roughly-hewn stone bricks. | |
| Hidden Christian Sites in the Nagasaki Region | several churches including Oura Cathedral | |
| Hwaseong Fortress | "Use of brick as a building material for the fortress and employment of efficient pulleys and cranes were also due to the influence of Silhak (practical learning)." - wiki | |
| Independence Hall | ||
| Ir. D.F. Woudagemaal | ||
| Itchan Kala | ||
| Ivrea | red brick factory of Camillo Olivetti | |
| Jesuit Block and Estancias of Córdoba | Estancia of Caroya | |
| Jodensavanne | synagogue "was constructed with imported European bricks in a Dutch vernacular style" (AB ev) | |
| Karlskrona | The "Finnish Church" | |
| Kathmandu Valley | ||
| Kazan Kremlin | Syuyumbike Tower | |
| Kinderdijk | Walls of the windmills are made of brick | |
| Koh Ker | "Prasat Ruom is a square terrace of twenty-one brick towers" (AB ev) | |
| Kraków | Wawel Castle, Saint Florian's Gate, Trinity Church, Saint Mary's Basilica | |
| Kuldiga | Old Brick Bridge | |
| Kunya-Urgench | Gutluk-Temir Minaret | |
| Longobards in Italy | The brick walls of the Longobard monastery of San Salvatore in Brescia. "The walls are made of bricks, reflecting the masonry work of the ecclesiastical building nearby." (Nomination file, p. 133) + Castelseprio-Torba: the "imposing brick masonry" of "the so-called "casaforte"", which was probably the seat of civil power of the site. (Nomination file, p. 143) + Santa Sophia in Benevento: "The outside walls (...) were realized in bordered brickwork with two rows of bricks interspersed with a row of irregularly hewn tufa blocks". (Nomination file, p. 204) | |
| Lübeck | ||
| Mahabodhi Temple Complex | "The site has had significant influence in the development of brick architecture over the centuries" | |
| Malbork Castle | ||
| Mantua and Sabbioneta | Most of its architecture (Sant'Andrea, Pallazo di Té) is made out of brick, sometimes covered with stucco, as there is no natural stone in this region | |
| Masjed-e Jâme' | masterpiece of Seljuq brick architecture (AB ev) | |
| Mathildenhöhe Darmstadt | brick architecture (Hochzeitsturm - Wedding Tower) | |
| Meroe | The latest pyramids were faced in brick (nom file) | |
| Minaret of Jam | ||
| Mining Sites of Wallonia | Le Grand Hornu | |
| Mir Castle | ||
| Moenjodaro | Unbaked brick | |
| Moidams | "The changes over time from wood to brick and stone construction, and two types of “Ga-Moidam” are illustrated at the nominated property" (AB ev) | |
| Moravian Church Settlements | All residential houses, but also the communal buildings, are one- and two-storey street-sided yellow brick constructions (AB ev) | |
| Mount Emei, including Leshan Giant Buddha | "Also here is the Wuliang Zhuandian (Beamless Brick Hall), an exceptional 16th century domed brick building that has survived many earthquakes without Collapse and is important for the study of ancient Chinese building design and construction." (AB evaluation) | |
| Mount Wutai | Manjusri Hall of Xiantong Temple, early brick buiding in China Ping Yao - most of the City were built in brick | |
| Mudejar Architecture of Aragon | The use of brick is one of the characteristics of Mudéjar, for example in its towers | |
| Nalanda | Most of the constructions | |
| Namhansanseong | "The parapets are made of grey bricks for shock absorption from cannon attacks, and this was done in accordance with the opinions of the School of Practical Learning who were much influenced by the Chinese." - Nomination File | |
| Nord-Pas de Calais Mining Basin | ||
| Padua’s fourteenth-century fresco cycles | Scrovegni Chapel: "The exterior of the chapel is in bare brickwork and is crowned with a coping formed of small projecting arches." "The exterior of the Church of the Eremitani is bare brick with pilaster strips and cornices resting on small projecting arches." The Oratory of St. George "has a very simple bare-brick exterior". (Nomination file, p. 50, 66, 132) | |
| Paramaribo | Most of the buildings are made out of wood, except for the Ministry of Finance and a few others | |
| Pergamon | Red Basilica | |
| Persian Garden | Shazdeh Garden: "Apart from the beauties of the garden, two-story mansions in the western and eastern parts of the garden perfectly represent Persian architecture. The main material used in them is brick (...)." | |
| Piazza del Duomo (Pisa) | The Ospedale Nuovo di Santo Spirito | |
| Plantin-Moretus Museum | ||
| Plečnik's Ljubljana | National and University Library: "The front façade, oriented toward Auersperg Street, was designed as a combination of brick and stone embeddings". | |
| Polonnaruva | Rangkot Vihara and Quadrangle | |
| Preah Vihear Temple | "Brick was also used at Preah Vihear because it was easier to bring up from the plains on the Cambodian side than the sandstone from the site itself. Small bricks were used for the construction of corbelled vaulting." (AB ev) | |
| Puebla | ||
| Pyu Ancient Cities | Beikthano, ... combining brick and wooden architecture (AB ev) | |
| Qutb Minar | The world's tallest brick minaret | |
| Ravenna | The mausoleum of Galla Placidia, the Neonian Baptistry, the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo, the Arian Baptistry, Sant'Apollinare in Classe (AB Ev) | |
| Residence of Bukovinian & Dalmatian Metropolitans | Constructed in red brick | |
| Residences of the Royal House of Savoy | Palazzo Carignano, Castello del Valentino and courtyard of Palazzo Reale | |
| Riga | St Mary's Dome, Saint Peter's Church, Saint Jacob's Church, Saint John's Church, House of the Blackheads | |
| Rjukan / Notodden | brick Boiler House at Rjukan | |
| Roskilde Cathedral | ||
| Routes of Santiago de Compostela in France | Basilica of St. Sernin, Toulouse | |
| Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple | The tower is made of 'floating' bricks | |
| Safi al-Din Ensemble in Ardabil | ||
| Sambor Prei Kuk | brick temples | |
| Sassanid Archaeological Landscape | The brick dome and brick ceilings of the Sarvestan Palace. | |
| Schokland | Church of Middelbuurt | |
| Schwerin Residence Ensemble | Schwerin Cathedral - "one of the earliest large examples of Brick Gothic architecture" (wiki) | |
| Selimiye Mosque | "masonry with alternating brickwork" (AB ev) | |
| Shahr-i Sokhta | mudbrick city | |
| Si Thep | Several of the buildings were made of brick including Khao Klang Nok | |
| Siena | Palazzo Pubblico among numerous other buildings | |
| Soltaniyeh | one of the largest brick domes in the world (wiki) | |
| Speicherstadt and Kontorhaus District | "Chilehaus, Messberghof, Sprinkenhof, Mohlenhof, Montanhof, and Miramar-Haus –.... stand out for their unity of function and their Modernist brick-clad architecture." (AB) | |
| Stralsund and Wismar | ||
| Tabriz Bazaar | Buildings are made of brick | |
| Thang Long | Flag tower | |
| The Porticoes of Bologna | Some of the porticoes are built ... of stone or brick (Unesco off description) | |
| Thessalonika | The churches are made out of brick. | |
| Tomioka Silk Mill | "the infill walls are in red brick" (AB ev) | |
| Torun | ||
| Tower of London | The 13th-century Beauchamp Tower marks the first large scale use of brick as a building material in Britain, since the 5th-century departure of the Romans (wiki) | |
| Town Hall and Roland, Bremen | Town Hall | |
| Trinity Sergius Lavra | Bell Tower | |
| Urbino | "The main fabric [of the Ducal Palace] is in brick, the window frames, the two upper loggias, and some decorative features being in stone. Elsewhere, the exterior is more austere, mainly in brick". (AB Ev) | |
| Val d'Orcia | The rural houses - case poderali – (...). Built in brick, traditionally located in a dominant position allowing to control the surrounding fields, they generally have large arcades and the traditional dovecotes on the outside. (Nomination file, p. 50) | |
| Verla Groundwood and Board Mill | Replaced the wood after fires in 1876 and 1892 | |
| Vilnius | Church of St. Anne, Saint Francis' Church, Saint Nicholas' Church, Upper Castle | |
| Water Management System of Augsburg | Both hydropower plants are in brickwork in the historicist style (nom file); aqueduct as well | |
| West Lake | Liuhe Pagoda is one of the best-preserved brick andwood pagodas extant in China. Originally built in 970 AD, the inner brick core is the result of a reconstruction in 1165. | |
| Yaroslavl | Yaroslavl's many churches in the WHS area are brick architecture; for example, Chuch of Epiphany and Church of Alexander Nevsky. | |
| Zollverein | several main buildings are made in dark brown bricks |
Suggestions?
Do you know of another WHS we could connect to Brick architecture?
A connection should:
- Not be "self evident"
- Link at least 3 different sites
- Not duplicate or merely subdivide the "Category" assignment already identified on this site.
- Add some knowledge or insight (whether significant or trivial!) about WHS for the users of this site
- Be explained, with reference to a source