Israel
Old City of Jerusalem
The Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls have high religious value as a holy city for Judaism, Christianity and Islam.
Continuously inhabited since prehistory, the city has been shaped through time by succeeding civilizations such as the Jebusites, Romans, Byzantines and Ottomans. The area within the walls of the Old City holds over 200 historic monuments from all three monotheistic religions. The most important monument for the Jews is the Western Wall, for the Christians it is the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and for the Muslims the Dome of the Rock.
Community Perspective: There are so many sites of religious and historic significance in this single walled square kilometer. Assif provides tips for visiting some of its more hidden treasures. Solivagant visited as early as 1964 and described the changes he witnessed 18 years later on a revisit. GabLabCebu has added a comprehensive overview of what you may expect as a tourist nowadays.
Site Info
Official Information
- Full Name
- Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls (Site proposed by Jordan) (ID: 148)
- Country
- Israel
- Status
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Inscribed 1981
Site history
History of Old City of Jerusalem
- 1980: Deferred
- Committee decided a special approach was needed
- 1981: Inscribed
- Inscribed
- 1982: In Danger
- severe destruction followed by a rapid urbanization
- 2007: Reinforced Monitoring
- In Danger
- severe destruction followed by a rapid urbanization Since 1982
- WHS Type
- Cultural
- Criteria
- ii
- iii
- vi
Links
- UNESCO
- whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
- whc.unesco.org — whc.unesco.org/
Related Resources
- itraveljerusalem.com — Travel website
- bibleplaces.com — Old City Gates
- noblesanctuary.com — Temple Mount
- churchoftheholysepulchre.net — Church of the Holy Sepulchre
- jerusalem.muni.il — Website of the Municipality
News Article
- May 13, 2024 theartnewspaper.com — Armenian heritage threatened by Jerusalem hotel plan
- Feb. 19, 2020 bbc.com — Jerusalem: Jordan condemns Israeli Western Wall railway plan
- Nov. 7, 2019 bbc.com — Jerusalem: Israel approves controversial Old City cable car plan
- June 1, 2019 jpost.com — Church of the Holy Sepulchre plans for first renovations in generations
- Nov. 30, 2017 independent.co.uk — Tomb believed to hold Jesus Christ much older than previously thought
- Oct. 17, 2017 edition.cnn.com — Ancient Roman theater unearthed next to Jerusalem's Western Wall
- Aug. 16, 2017 trtworld.com — Jerusalem Greek Orthodox leader slams Israel pro-settler ruling
- July 25, 2017 timesofisrael.com — Cameras come down along with metal detectors at Temple Mount
- May 3, 2017 aljazeera.com — UNESCO passes Jerusalem resolution critical of Israel
- March 23, 2017 news.nationalgeographic.com — Tomb of Christ at Risk of 'Catastrophic' Collapse
- Oct. 30, 2016 news.nationalgeographic.com — Christ's Burial Place Exposed for First Time in Centuries
- Oct. 14, 2016 washingtonpost.com — Israeli leaders condemn UNESCO resolution on Jerusalem holy site
- April 5, 2016 jpost.com — Prominent archaeologist claims Western Wall construction will cause irreparable damage
- March 24, 2016 imemc.org — Israeli Regional Construction Committee Approves “Kedem” Colonialist Project In Jerusalem
- March 26, 2015 timesofisrael.com — Jerusalem reboots controversial cable car plan
- Jan. 22, 2015 independent.co.uk — Jesus trial site 'found': Herod's Palace remains discovered near Tower of David in Jerusalem
- Jan. 3, 2014 haaretz.com — Legal challenges mounted against planned visitor center in East Jerusalem
- Aug. 6, 2013 news.nationalgeographic.com — Largest Crusader hospital in the Middle East will soon be open to the public
- May 21, 2013 telegraph.co.uk — Israel cancels Unesco visit
- April 24, 2013 en.ammonnews.net — Israel accepts a UNESCO status mission for the Old City of Jerusalem
- Nov. 5, 2012 bbc.co.uk — Church of the Holy Sepulchre in row over water bill
- Dec. 26, 2011 google.com — Ancient seal found in Jerusalem linked to ritual
- Dec. 12, 2011 heraldsun.com.au — Israel closes access ramp to Al-Aqsa mosque
- Nov. 9, 2008 haaretz.com — Fighting erupted between Armenian and Greek Orthodox monks at the Church of the Holy Sepulcher
- Aug. 4, 2008 haaretz.com — Unesco pleads to limit the archeological activity at the Mughrabim Ascent exclusively to work for the reconstruction and stabilization of the site and not to adapt it for new uses
Community Information
- Community Category
- Religious structure: Christian
- Urban landscape: Urban continuity
Travel Information
One million visitors or more
Discriminatory Entry Policies
Recent Connections
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Muqarnas
Madrasa al-AshrafiyyaSee thisweekinpa…
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Cosmatesque
"an apparently 12th-century Crusader-pe… -
Frederick Barbarossa
Frederick participated in the Second Cr…
Connections of Old City of Jerusalem
- Individual People
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Gertrude Bell
Photo taken December 1899 -
Viscount Edmund Allenby
The Ottoman governor of Jerusalem surrendered to Allenby's forces on Dec 9 2017. "In deliberate contrast to the perceived arrogance of the Kaiser's entry into Jerusalem on horseback in 1898, Allenby dismounted and together with his officers, entered the city on foot through the Jaffa Gate out of respect for the status of Jerusalem as the Holy City important to Judaisim, Christianity and Islam" (Wiki) -
Pompey the Great
Captured by Pompey in 63BC. After a 2 month siege in which the northern walls were breached, Pompey and his army entered the Temple itself. See "Wars of the Jews" by Flavius Josephus (chapter 7) -
Ibn Battuta
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Marco Polo
He visited to pick up the holy oil following Kublai Khan's request to his father Niccolo on his own earlier trip -
Baibars
Baibars' emblem at the Lion's Gate -
Mapped or Illustrated by Blaeu
On top frieze of "Appendix Theatri A.Ortelii Et Atlantis G. Mercatoris"(1631 but map dates to 1617).See luna.folger.edu
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Helen of Constantinople
"Discovered" the "exact" site of Jesus's tomb and ordered the pulling down of a Temple to Venus which had been built there and its replacement by the "Church of the Holy Sepulchre" -
Pausanias
Before visiting Greece, he had been to Antioch, Joppa, and Jerusalem, and to the banks of the River Jordan. (wiki) -
Emperor Hadrian
Emperor Hadrian visited the, then ruined, Jerusalem in 129 AD -
Frederick II
Came there in the 6th Crusade -
Elias Burton Holmes
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King Solomon
The Temple Mount. The site, according to Biblical tradition, of the first Temple of the Jews at Jerusalem and built by Solomon -
General Gordon
Visited Palestine for a year in 1882-3. The authenticity of the "Church of the Holy Sepulchre" as the traditional location of the burial and resurrection of Christ was being questioned by a number of scholars and Gordon concluded that a tomb outside the Walls (and outside the inscribed site) was the true tomb. The place became known as "Gordon's Calvary" and "The Garden Tomb". It remains a place of pilgrimage as an altrnative to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre particuarly among Protestants.See en.wikipedia.org
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Frederick Barbarossa
Frederick participated in the Second Crusade and visited Jerusalem in 1148 with Emperor Conrad III, where he "was impressed by the charitable works of the Knights Hospitaller". (Wikipedia)See en.wikipedia.org
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Saladin
Besieged 1187 -
Galla Placidia
She restored the Church of the Holy Sepulchre
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- Geography
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Disputed territories
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Located in a Capital City
Jerusalem (Capital of Israel) -
On National Border
Israel - Palestine
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- Trivia
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Minority communities
Armenian Quarter; Jerusalem's Muslim quarter is home to historic communities of Indians, Persians, Gypsies and Sub-Saharan Africans - each with its own traditional area and its own mosque. -
Built or owned by Poles
Dom Polski -
In the Israel Museum
Building inscription for the city walls of Jerusalem, lintles from the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, wooden beams from Al-Aqsa Mosque among othersSee www.lpj.org
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In Video Games
Assassin's Creed – Dome of the Rock, Al Aqsa Mosque, Church of the Holy Sepulchre -
Not under control of the nominating state
Site nominated by Jordan (1981), but the area is administered by Israel. -
Cities of Three Cultures
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One million visitors or more
Western Wall, Temple Mount -
On Banknotes
Dome of the Rock: 20 Dinar (Jordan), 1995 and others & Saudi Arabian 50 Riyals (1984) & 1000 Iranian Riyals & Jerusalem and the Temple Mount on 50 New Israeli Shekel -
Built or owned by Germans
Muristan: center of the German colony in Jerusalem in the 19th century, rebuilt the Crusader church of St. Mary Latina as the Lutheran Church of the Redeemer (Erl?serkirche) -
Sound and Light Show
Burnt House and Davidson Centre -
Built or owned by British
Christ Church at Jaffa Gate -
Built or owned by French
St Anna church
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- History
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Sieges and Battles
Assyrians 721BC (lifted), Romans 70AD, 1st Crusaders 1099, Saladin 1187 -
Thomas Cook Round the World tour 1872-1873
Mar 1873 "The city of Jerusalem continues to expand in a westerly direction. The talk of a railway from Jaffa to Jerusalem is again revived but noone could tell me who was going to construct it or how the funds were to be realized" -
Displayed on the Madaba Map
The mosaic clearly shows a number of significant structures in the Old City of Jerusalem: the Damascus Gate, the Lions' Gate, the Golden Gate, the Zion Gate, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, the New Church of the Theotokos, the Tower of David and the Cardo Maximus. (wiki) -
Mamluk Sultanate
Al Aqsa Mosque ("added two naves and two gates to the mosque's eastern side") and several structures in the Muslim Quarter, like the Markte of the Cotton Workers -
Oldest continuously inhabited cities
Jerusalem, 2800 BC -
Babylonian Empire
King Nebuchadnezzar II led military campaigns against the Kingdom of Judah, particularly the Babylonian siege of Jerusalem in 587 BC, which resulted in the destruction of Solomon's Temple and the subsequent Babylonian captivity. (wiki)See en.wikipedia.org
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Pisan colonies
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Umayyad Caliphate
Built the Dome of the Rock and rebuilt the Al-Aqsa Mosque -
Gypsies
A group of 5000 Dom "gypsies" has lived in East Jerusalem for the past 800 years. They are considered to have departed from the Indian subcontinent earlier than the Romani people -
Ottoman Empire
"In 1516, Jerusalem was taken over by the Ottoman Empire along with all of Greater Syria and enjoyed a period of renewal and peace under Suleiman the Magnificent, including the construction of the walls, which define until today what is now known as the Old City of Jerusalem." (wiki)See en.wikipedia.org
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Buried treasures
264 golden coins from Heraclius' time discovered in 2008 -
Habsburgs (Austrian)
Austrian Hospice, built as a pilgrim house and visited in 1869 by Emperor Franz Joseph I -
The Crusades
Jerusalem was the ultimate goal of the Crusaders, because of its immense religious significance for Christianity. it was captured by Crusaders in July 1099.See en.wikipedia.org
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Located in a Former Capital
Kingdom of Jerusalem (1099-1187) -
Byzantine Empire and Civilization
Burial remains from the Byzantine period are exclusively Christian, suggesting that the population of Jerusalem in Byzantine times probably consisted only of Christians. In the 5th century, the eastern continuation of the Roman Empire, ruled from the recently renamed Constantinople, maintained control of the city. (wiki) -
Eunuchs
Jerulsalem's Dome of the rock was guarded by black eunuchs (source: Eunuchs and Castrati: A Cultural History) -
Knights Hospitaller
Founded there in 1080 as a Christian hospital (by Amalfatians). Became a religious/military order during the First Crusade in 1099 charged with "care and defense of the Holy Land" -
Ancient Roman colonies
Colonia Aelia Capitolina -
Amarna Letters
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Knights Templar
Founded there in 1119 by 2 veterans of the first Crusade. The Order used the Al Aqsa Mosque on Temple Mount as HQ and hence took the name "Poor Knights of Christ and the Temple of Solomon", or "Templar" knights. Initially the Order had few financial resources and consisted of only around 9 knights. Their emblem was of two knights riding on a single horse, emphasizing the Order's poverty. This rapidly changed however and, by 1129, it had become a favoured charity throughout Christendom. It ran into hositility for its wealth, power and ambition. It was disbanded by the Pope in 1307 and authority given for its assets to be seized by monarchs across Europe.
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- Architecture
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Muqarnas
Madrasa al-Ashrafiyya -
Domes
Dome of the Rock- 20.37m AD 691 -
Octagons
Dome of the Rock -
Mosaic art
Herodian Quarter -
Dry Stone Construction
Wailing Wall, Herodian Quarter -
Gold Surfaces
Dome of the Rock. Dome. Originally "100,000 gold dinar coins were melted down". At other times has been covered by tiles and Aluminium/Bronze alloy (1960). "In 1998 the golden dome covering was refurbished following a donation of $8.2 million by King Hussain of Jordan who sold one of his houses in London to fund the 80 kilograms of gold required" -
Romanesque
Church of St. Anne -
Designed by Mimar Sinan
Damascus Gate, which was built atop a Roman gate that is still visible -
Cosmatesque
"an apparently 12th-century Crusader-period vertical high altar panel in what has been described as Cosmatesque style was rediscovered in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem" (wiki)See en.wikipedia.org
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- Damaged
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'Threatened' by Tunnels
The Western Wall Tunnel -
Terrorist Attacks
Several incidents -
Destroyed during invasion
By the Roman Army (70 A.D.) -
Destroyed or damaged by Earthquake
several Umayyad buildings south of the Temple Mount were destroyed in 749. archpark.org.il/ -
Damaged in War since WWII
6 Day War "The Mughrabi " quarter was razed three days after the Six day War in order to broaden the narrow alley leading to the Western Wall and prepare it for public access by Jews seeking to pray there." (Wiki)See en.wikipedia.org
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- World Heritage Process
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Controversial at inscription
Site was proposed by Jordan; it took an Extraordinary Session to get it in (1 vote against (USA) and 5 abstentions). -
Inscribed during an extraordinary session
1981 (01EXTCOM) -
Potential Transboundary sites
Israel's Jerusalem TWHS (current inscription is exterritorial) -
Extensions on Tentative List
Mount Zion
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- Religion and Belief
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Nunneries
Ecce Homo Convent belongs to the Sisters of Notre Dame de Sion. -
The Magi
Here they met King Herod -
Anglican churches outside of the Commonwealth
Christ Church: " in 1849 the simple Gothic building was completed. From the outside it differs little from many Anglican churches. However, once inside the building has more similarity to a synagogue than to a local parish church. The communion table and stained-glass windows contain Jewish symbols and Hebrew script, and like all synagogues in Jerusalem, the church faces the Temple Mount", "the church was so Jewish in appearance that in 1948, when it became necessary to prove to a angry Jordanian Army that the unusual building was indeed a Christian house of worship, the then rector Rev Hugh Jones, hurried to the souk to buy an olive wood cross to place on the communion table" -
Mikveh
One was found near the Western Wall in 2022 (see link), probably there are more.See apnews.com
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Prophecies
Several biblical prophecies -
Armenian Orthodox Church
Armenian Quarter: Armenian Apostolic Church -
Franciscan Order
Church of the Holy Sepulchre -
Pilgrimage route
Via Dolorosa -
12 Apostles
while the site of the Last Supper is located outside the walled city (and the nomination boundaries) the apostles lived in Jerusalem together with Jesus. -
Karaites
Karaite Synagogue -
Notable mosques
Al-Aqsa Mosque (Sunni), originating from the 8th century and rebuilt in the 11th -
Coptic Orthodox Church
Church of the Holy Sepulchre (shrines in and around it) -
Syriac Churches
monastery of Saint Mark, a Syriac Orthodox church as well as a Maronite -
Ethiopian Orthodox
Has its section in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and they own a nearby monastery. -
Relics from John the Baptist
John the Baptist Church possesses one of his bones -
Jewish religion and culture
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Eastern Catholic Churches
Melkite, Armenian Catholic -
Axis Mundi
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Sacred Mountains
Temple Mount -
Multiple Religions
Judaism, Christianity and Islam. (Site of Jewish Temple, Crucification of Christ, Mohammed's "Night Journey" to Heaven) -
Christian Pilgrimage Sites
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Islamic pilgrimage sites
In terms of the virtue of a religious site, and the value of prayers performed within it, Muslims believe that the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem is the third most virtuous mosque -
Tombs of Biblical Figures
Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Jesus) -
Greek Orthodox churches outside Greece
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St Paul was here
In AD 57, on his 5th visit, Paul was arrested in the Temple for defiling it by bringing in Gentiles -
Holiest place
Christianity, Judaism -
Cathedrals
Basilica of Holy Sepulchre, Co-Cath of Most Holy Name of Jesus, St James Cathedral -
Calvary
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Mentioned in the Bible
Numerous -
Christian Churches in non Christian countries
Holy Sepulchre (Israel 2.3%)
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- Human Activity
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Stone Quarries
Zedekiah's CaveSee en.wikipedia.org
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Petrosomatoglyphs
Foundation Stone on the Dome of the Rock has "marks" of the footprint of Mohammed (made as he stepped upon it to mount his horse Barak when commencing his ride to Paradise), Barak's Hoofprint and the hand/finger print of Gabriel (who was holding back the rock as it tried to follow Mohammed).See www.jstor.org
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Historical Financial Institutions
Knights Templar HQ for its Euro wide financial system. "Since the monks themselves were sworn to poverty, but had the strength of a large and trusted international infrastructure behind them, nobles would occasionally use them as a kind of bank or power of attorney."See en.wikipedia.org
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Historical Graffiti
Crusader graffiti in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre -
Irrigation and drainage
Hizkia reservoir (drinking water supply)
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- Constructions
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Tunnels
The Western (Wailing) Wall Tunnel; and also "Hezekiah's Tunnel, or the Siloam Tunnel is a tunnel that was dug underneath the Ophel in Jerusalem about 701 BC during the reign of Hezekiah. It was probably a widening of a pre-existing cave and is mentioned in the Bible." -
Monumental Monoliths
The 'Western Stone' which forms part of the lower portion of the Western wall. It is 13.6 meters (44.6 feet) long, 3 metres (9.8 feet) high and has an estimated width of 3.3 meters (10.8 feet). It weighs 517 tonnes. -
Horse Stables
Solomon's Stables -
Martyrium
Church of the Holy Sepulchre & Dome of the RockSee en.wikipedia.org
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Monumental Fountains
Ornamental fountain (19th century) at the Muristan -
Prison
The area surrounding the Cotton Market was turned into a prison by the Turks during WWI. -
Baths
Two bath houses at the Cotton Market (inc. Hammam El-Ayn)See www.bbc.com
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Walled cities
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Theatres and Opera Houses
Remains of Ancient Roman theaterSee www.haaretz.com
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Gates depicting Lions
Lions' Gate in the Old City Walls (1517). Near the gate?s crest are four figures of "lions" after which the gate is named (they actually depict panthers). -
Cemeteries
Armenian cemetery in the Armenian Quarter -
Asklepieion
Pool of BethesdaSee en.wikipedia.org
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Frontier walls
The wall surrounding the Old Town of Jerusalem partially served as the border between Israel and Jordan in 1948-1967 -
Cisterns
The Herodian road which ran alongside the Temple Mount, includes ancient cisterns -
Hospitals
Historical hospital at the Muristan -
Latrines
Archaeological park - Roman Latrinae -
Mausolea
Turbat Turakan HatunSee he.wikipedia.org
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Bazaars and Market Halls
Cotton Market, the Cardo
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- WHS on Other Lists
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Aga Khan Award for Architecture
Restoration of Al-Aqsa Mosque, Noble Sanctuary, Jerusalem (1986) -
World Monuments Watch (past)
Cathedral of St James (Structural problems and deterioration of interiors) (2010)
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- Timeline
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Built in the 1st century BC
the Temple Mount was built in its current structure by Herode in 19 BC -
Built in the 4th century
Church of the Holy Sepulchre (built 335) -
Built in the 7th century
Dome of the Rock (built 689-691)
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- WHS Hotspots
- Science and Technology
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Libraries
Khaldiyya, Gulbenkian Library
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- Visiting conditions
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Discriminatory Entry Policies
Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque - Muslims only
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- 18
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Famous Love Stories
Solomon and Queen of Sheba, David and Bathsheba -
In The Simpsons
“Simpsons Bible Stories” (1999); “The Greatest Story Ever D'ohed” (2010) -
Works by Nobel Prize winning authors
Agnon (1966) - Only Yesterday (among others) -
Asterix
L'Odyssée d'Astérix / Asterix and the Black GoldSee en.wikipedia.org
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News
- theartnewspaper.com 05/13/2024
- Armenian heritage threatened by Je…
- bbc.com 02/19/2020
- Jerusalem: Jordan condemns Israeli…
- bbc.com 11/07/2019
- Jerusalem: Israel approves controv…
Recent Visitors
Visitors of Old City of Jerusalem
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I spent about a day and a half in Jerusalem’s Old City on my trip to Israel in November 2019. That appears to be enough to see all of the major points of interest, both in terms of the inscribed WHS and the tentative extension; although in a city with such wealth of historical context, you will feel like you rushed through some of the sights no matter how much time you give yourself.
The very brief Jerusalem WH inscription is all about its significance to the three main monotheistic religions, and being an adherent of one is likely to be an important ingredient for a true spiritual connection to the city. Religious people will surely be awed by being so near the sacred sights, much more so than a secular visitor will ever be.
That secular visitor, nonetheless, will at a minimum find the trio of sights listed on the inscription rather impressive. The Church of Holy Sepulcre is tremendous, the Wailing Wall is sober and full of poignancy, and the Dome of the Rock is simply mindblowingly beautiful. Getting to the Temple Mount requires an extra effort; non-Muslims can enter only as tourists and only at limited times during the day; they are also prohibited entry to the interiors of the buildings in the compound. The visiting hours limitation means that a wait in line of upward of 45 minutes is practically unavoidable. And entirely worth it - the edifice is just stupendous when seen up …
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WHS#67
Jerusalem is the holiest city in the world. It's crazy how all of these different religions happen to have some of their holiest sites, among other impressive sites of great historic significance, in this single square kilometer. Indeed, this single walled square kilometer is so full of things to see that it feels endless to explore, and it kind of is. I spent a whole day exploring the old city in May 2018, and I felt like I hadn't even scratched the surface. Starting from and ending at the famous Jaffa Gate, I went in a loop through the Armenian Quarter, the Jewish Quarter, the Muslim Quarter, and finally, the Christian Quarter. Each quarter has something interesting to offer, though I didn't necessarily experience what I might've expected from their names. At the end of the day, the experience of Jerusalem leaves feet tired, minds blown, and souls filled.
The first striking thing about Jerusalem is easily the walls. Yes, the walls included on its official WHS title. It's an impressive continuous stretch of centuries-old walls. They look very Norman castle-inspired with their little rectangular indentations on top and curved arch portals, but Islamic patterns and Arabic inscriptions can be observed too, owing to Jerusalem's history under various cultural influences, especially that of the Ottomans. The buildings within the city are also quite Ottoman, and they look quite similar to other old cities in the region, like Safed, Jaffa, Acre, and Nablus. Don't be fooled, though, the …
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O Jerusalem -- a city revered and fought over through the centuries by armies from three faiths, and which struggles today to find peace and stability amongst its diverse residents. This is a holy city, a city of pilgrimage, and it was one I had longed to visit since I was young. I finally had my opportunity in February 2015, and it was all I hoped it would be. As I think back on it now, I remember Jerusalem in a series of vignettes. An Orthodox Jew with a long grey beard praying as he walked down a narrow staircase in the Old City. Two older Arab men playing chess in front of the Dome of the Rock, ignoring background vocal protests. Crowds of pilgrims lined up inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a building maintained by several denominations. Israeli soldiers carrying supplies out through the Zion Gate. The views of the old city from the Mount of Olives after a storm. The quiet, reflective sites of the Garden of Gethsemane and the Garden Tomb, the latter frequented by Protestants. The lively underground markets in the well-preserved Roman Cardo. The well-secured and sobering Wailing Wall. There is so much to see in Jerusalem, and I wish I'd had more than two days, but I am glad for the time I had, and would love to return.
Logistics: The Old City of Jerusalem is easy to walk around; however, there are security checkpoints, and some sites may temporarily close depending …
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So many historical and religious sites to visit but my thoughts and prayers went to those who are really suffering because of the disgraceful concrete walls in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. I promised myself I won't be visiting these WHS again before these wall are demolished once and for all.
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Jerusalem is too damn holy for it’s own good. I’m not saying everyone who lives there is nuts, that’s obviously not the case, but it just seems that way. But then, I mostly hung out with tourists. They’re definitely nuts.
When I was last there a short time ago, I stayed in a youth hostel near the Jaffa Gate, and the first person I met after the people at the reception desk was a guy who claimed to be Jesus Christ. I later learned that he wasn’t the first guest that month to have made that claim. But one has to expect that sort of thing.
It’s called “Jerusalem syndrome.” You think you’re God, or Jesus or Moses or angels are telling you to convert the Catholics to Christianity or something like that.
There are two Jerusalems: the first is the capitol of Israel. This isn’t a particularly interesting place. Some decent bars and restaurants, and aside from the big museums, there’s nothing really there, but then for the most part nobody goes to see this Jerusalem, there’s no reason to unless you’re a lobbyist or a film fan. Everybody comes to see the other one, that place where religion lives. Holyland-land.
Holyland-land, or more properly, the Old City is not really a city at all, but a tiny walled village about one kilometer square. Going all the way around the city walls will take no more than half an hour at most, and within one will find just souvenir …
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I visited and indeed lived and worked in Israel off and on between 1996 and 2000. The one thing I have always recommended to those going to Israel is to spend a few days walking around the Old City. Take in the smells, sights and sounds as you wander around, particularly the busy Arab Quarter. One one of caution and it's a personal view but the "rejuvenated" Jewish quarter has, in my opinion, lost much of its character and is far too sanitised in comparison with the other parts.
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The Old City of Jerusalem is truly exceptional, not only for its history and architecture, but also (and for me mainly) for its unique mixture of people incomparable to anywhere elso in the world. Numerous Jewish, Christian and Muslim groups have their share in Jerusalem. The number of languages you hear on the street is puzzling (exclduing those spoken by tourists). Among the tradtional inhabitants are Palestinians, Jews, Gypsies, African Muslims from Sudan and Chad, Armenians and Greeks.
Visiting Jerusalem is not a simple matter since many of its attractions are hidden and not well adopted for tourism.
An interesting fact about Jerusalem's sacral monuments is that most of them are surprisingly quite new. Within its walls there are as far as I know only four old mosques (Al Aqsa, Dome of the Rock, Umar and the Tankasiyya Madrasa), four old churches (The Holy Sepulcher, Armenian Cathedral, Syriac church and St. Anna) and two old synagogues (Ramban and Karaite Synagogue). The rest is mostly from the time 1850-1930, which is remarkable for such an old city. All of these sacral buidlings are possible to visit with the exception of Umar. Many of the secular houses, however, are much older (a fine example is the Tunshuq Palace).
The Armenian Cathedral has very limited visiting times (15-15.30 daily). In order to enter the Ramban synagogue you more or less need to pretend you are about to pray there but then you can just take a fast glimpse of the building and disappear. …
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Jerusalem is amazing. superb, fantastic, incredible. none of these words accurately describe just how great Jerusalem is. one of the most important cities on the planet (holy to three religions), Jerusalem is also 3500 years old. the walls that currently encircle Jerusalem were built in the time of the ottoman turks; however, there has been a wall around Jerusalem since it began. as well as the old city; which is a maze of narrow alleys, with overhead arches, and old beautifully, stone buildings mostly in , what i believe is, Romanesque and Islamic styles, there are a wealth of archaeological sites around Jerusalem's old city. i visited the city of David, one of the oldest parts of the Jerusalem. this is a great archaeological site, and very interesting, it where King David built his city, 3000 years ago. pillars, houses, stairs; are the remains which one will find here.
although many people consider Jerusalem unsafe due to terrorists, as long as you don't take the bus, you will probably be fine. The terrorists generally don't target tourists.
in conclusion Jerusalem is worth a journey of a thousand miles, or more. it is the greatest site in Israel, and an absolute, no excuses, must see when you are in that country.
NOTE: i recommend the bagels and spice that are sold everywhere by street vendors it Jerusalem. they area very tasty snack.
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The magnificent Jerusalem - for many years the centre point of the world, and for many people it still is. As a town, equally important for the Christians, Muslims and Jews it is actually a miracle that it still stands, despite its history of destruction and violence and different leaderships throughout its history.
To those just remotely interested in history and religion it must be mine and any other traveller’s strongest recommendation to take your time with this city. Allow at least a week to visit the different parts of the old town - the Christian, Jewish and Muslim areas as well as the neighbouring areas, Mount Zion and Mount of Olives as well as the modern town of Jerusalem. There is so much to see and one must also allow time to just wonder around the Old Town with it’s bazaars, shops, cafés and restaurants.
It its also worth mentioning that the layout of Jerusalem is not a walk in the park. There are many steep hills and ups and downs so a taxi could sometimes come in handy if you need to cross over one of the many valleys.
Jerusalem was a true experience, maybe only comparable to Rome or any other major historic city that provides you with a piece of world history at any corner you turn…
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The Old City of Jerusalem holds special memories for me – not for religious reasons but as my first non European/N American travel destination as long ago as 1964. Those with long memories or knowledge of history will remember that the city was “part” of Jordan in those pre “6 Day War” days. I had crossed the Med on a Turkish passenger boat from Naples to Beirut, hitched hiked to Jerusalem via Damascus and would hitch back all the way home to the UK via Turkey - a “travel apprenticeship”! My review photo is from that trip - a digitised version of a diapositive taken from the Mount of Olives - a very much less developed skyline than that which is now the case!!
My diary lists a few “important” (semi!) Arabic phrases (e,g for "Student" and "No Money"!!) and contains a few scribbled names and addresses from Arab “friends” made along the way – I wonder how the troubles of the intervening years have treated them? The diary notes a trip up to the Temple Mount and also a visit to the Mandelbaum Gate – the only crossing between the 2 parts of the divided city and that only for UN officials, diplomats and certain “1 way only” transfers.
My second visit was in 1982 – this time I approached from Tel Aviv. The Mandelbaum Gate was no more – totally demolished as the hated symbol of a previously divided city. Significant parts of the old …
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I visited at a time of relative peace, though security was high and we happened to leave the West Bank the same night as the Israeli army. Regardless, Jerusalem reflects its cultural and religious history in every building, and whatever your persuasion, its hard avoid feeling a chill or two as you regard the sights seen by Abraham, David, and Jesus himself. Take out the technology and you'll almost feel like you could bump into any one of them in the narrow streets and charming bazaars.
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All was relatively quiet then, that week in August when I visited this magnificent site. Highlights were the Dome of the Rock, the Armenian quarter including St. James Cathedral, and the weird Church of the Holy Sepulchre.
The hundreds of bigger and smaller historical and religious remains are piled up in an area with a size of only 1 square km. That means that sometimes you have to look very well for something your travel guide names as a top attraction. And maybe you discover something much more beautiful on your way ...
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