Australia
Royal Exhibition Building
The Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens represent the late 19th-century international exhibition movement, showcasing technological innovation and change that was made possible by the industrialisation.
The building consisted of a Great Hall of Industry of over 12,000 square metres and many temporary annexes in the Gardens. It presented Australian industry and technology to the world during the Melbourne International Exhibition of 1880 and the 1888 Melbourne Centennial International Exhibition. The formal Carlton Gardens also were characteristic of exhibition buildings of this period.
Community Perspective: Try to book one of the guided tours to the interior (see Clyde’s review), otherwise you may leave disappointed.
Site Info
Official Information
- Full Name
- Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens (ID: 1131)
- Country
- Australia
- Status
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Inscribed 2004
Site history
History of Royal Exhibition Building
- 2004: Advisory Body overruled
- ICOMOS suggested deferral, questioning authenticity and integrity of the site.
- 2004: Inscribed
- Inscribed
- WHS Type
- Cultural
- Criteria
- ii
Links
- UNESCO
- whc.unesco.org
All Links
UNESCO.org
- whc.unesco.org — whc.unesco.org/
Related Resources
- museumsvictoria.com.au — Royal Exhibition Building
- en.wikipedia.org — Wiki on the Royal Exhibition Building
News Article
- May 19, 2020 theage.com.au — Royal Exhibition Building vandalised after $20m refurbishment
- Nov. 26, 2015 abc.net.au — Local designer wins tender to revamp Melbourne's Royal Exhibition Building
- May 15, 2012 news.ninemsn.com.au — Royal Exhibition hall gets $20m boost
- April 9, 2008 melbourneleader.com.au — Local community groups claim that the Melbourne International Flower and Garden Show is destroying the World Heritage-listed gardens
Community Information
- Community Category
- Religious structure: Buddhist
- Secular structure: Science and Education
Travel Information
Guided Tour Only
Recent Connections
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Exhibition gardens
"The formal Carlton Gardens, with its t… -
Guided Tour Only
The interior can only be visited on a g… -
Built in connection with an Anniversary
. Originally completed in 1880, in prep…
Connections of Royal Exhibition Building
- Trivia
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Built or owned by British
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Olympic Venues
venue for basketball, fencing, weightlifting and wrestling events in Melbourne 1956
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- History
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Located in a Former Capital
Australia 1901-27 -
Built in connection with an Anniversary
. Originally completed in 1880, in preparation for the Melbourne International Exhibition, it was altered/redecorated for the “Melbourne Centennial Exhibition" in 1888, celebrating a century of European settlement in Australia. -
Contains significant structures from the 21st Century
Melbourne Museum (2000)
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- Architecture
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Domes
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Exhibition gardens
"The formal Carlton Gardens, with its tree-lined pathways, fountains and lakes, is an integral part of the overall site design and also characteristic of exhibition buildings of this period." (Official description)
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- World Heritage Process
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Inscribed on a single criterion only
ii. to exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design
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- Constructions
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Sites of Parliament
1st Parliament of Australia 9 May 1901 -
Monumental Fountains
Hochgurtel Fountain -
Hospitals
it was used a fever hospital during the First World War (Unesco website)
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- Timeline
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Built in the 19th Century
Completed 1880 for the 1888 exhibition
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- Science and Technology
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International Exhibitions
Royal Exhibtion building 1880
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- Visiting conditions
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Guided Tour Only
The interior can only be visited on a guided tour (the grounds are free).
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News
- theage.com.au 05/19/2020
- Royal Exhibition Building vandalis…
- abc.net.au 11/26/2015
- Local designer wins tender to reva…
- news.ninemsn.com.au 05/15/2012
- Royal Exhibition hall gets $20m bo…
Recent Visitors
Visitors of Royal Exhibition Building
- AC
- Adrian Turtschi
- Alexander Parsons
- alicemears
- Andrea Gormley
- Andrew Wembridge
- Argo
- Artur Anuszewski
- Ask Gudmundsen
- Aspasia
- Atila Ege
- BenReeve
- Bill Maurmann
- Bram de Bruin
- butterflybird
- c82wc1
- CampbellME
- Carlo Medina
- Carlo Sarion
- CeeCeeSR
- cflw
- chapnis
- chenboada
- chenqtao
- Chen Taotao
- Cheryl
- Christoph
- Clem C
- Clyde
- cmtcosta
- Col
- Colossus
- Cyberczar
- Dani Cyr
- Daniela Hohmann
- Deffra
- Delphine Delaunay
- Dimitar Krastev
- eljx1988
- Els Slots
- Emilia
- Emilia Bautista King
- Emily Cullen
- Erfe91
- Erik Jelinek
- Errol Neo
- Fan Yibo
- Felicité
- Frederik Dawson
- GabLabCebu
- Gary Arndt
- George Gdanski
- Grendel Gongan
- Guy00
- Hadrianus
- Haining Guan
- Harald T.
- Harry Mitsidis
- Hdwilsonau
- Henri
- Hunstow
- Ivan
- Jacob Choi
- Janos
- Jarek Pokrzywnicki
- Jarrod_Byham
- Javier Coro
- Jay T
- Jean Lecaillon
- Jeanne OGrady
- Jens
- Jezza
- João Aender
- Joel on the Road
- john booth
- Jon Opol
- Jonoprout
- Judit Dalla
- Julio Moreno
- Junwang111
- Jun Zhou
- kabubi
- KAO
- Kasia M.
- Kasileigh
- KateY
- Kbtwhs
- Kelly Henry
- Kevin247
- Kevin Padley-Knight
- kiank37
- ko9757
- Kurt Lauer
- Laetitia Yin
- Larry F
- leckie118
- Leontine Helleman
- leroykstlj
- Liamps91
- Loic Pedras
- Lucas Del Puppo
- Lukasz Palczewski
- Maciej Gil
- Mariam
- Martin Richardson
- Matthewrw
- Michael Ayers
- Michael Novins
- Michael Turtle
- Michal Marciniak
- Mihai Dascalu
- MikeMa1999
- Milan Jirasek
- Monica Tasciotti
- Nicole Lampos
- Nihal Ege
- nongbulinqing
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- PabloNorte
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- Pascal Cauliez
- Paul Schofield
- PeterA
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- Petteri
- phillipmeng
- Qin Xie
- Reisedachs
- Riccardo Quaranta
- Richardleesa
- Risson
- Roberto Diaz
- Robin Frank
- Roel Sterken
- Roger Ourset
- Roman Bruehwiler
- S. Anril Tiatco
- Sazanami
- Schnitzel
- Sergio Arjona
- Shandos Cleaver
- SHIHE HUANG
- sliny
- Solivagant
- Stanislaw Warwas
- stephanvermeulen
- Stijn
- Tamara Ratz
- Tango
- tedchang
- Tevity
- Thanneermalai L
- therabidcow
- Thomas Buechler
- Thomas van der Walt
- Thorben
- TimAllen
- Timonator
- tingmelvin
- Tom Allen
- tony0001
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- Van Hung
- Vernon Prieto
- Weecheng
- Willem van Altena
- Wimmy
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- Xiquinho Silva
- Yi Han Goh
- Yongcheng Liu
- YY
- Zizmondka
- zman5455
- Zoë Sheng
- Zsuzsanna Forray
Community Reviews
Show full reviews
I visited this WHS in January 2018 before heading towards the Great Ocean Road. I had prebooked the guided heritage tour over the phone to make sure I could visit the Royal Exhibition Building's (REB) interior.
The tour takes roughly 1 hour and runs on most days except when the REB is closed because of an event. If for whatever reason, you're hard pressed for time it is possible to exit the building before the tour ends. Since I drove directly from Melbourne International Airport, the easiest solution was to park in the Melbourne Museum underground parking. The tour starts in the foyer of the Melbourne Museum where I also collected tickets. Usually I'm not much of a fan of the juxtaposition between old and new, however the Melbourne Museum really attracts lots of people and keeps the REB and Carlton gardens area alive.
There are several information boards with the UNESCO symbol at the Carlton Gardens and there is a metal post displaying inscription on the WH list just next to the REB entrance. The gardens are a pleasant place to rest on a sunny day and to gaze at both the REB and the modern skyline of Melbourne. There's nothing of OUV in the gardens and they act more as a buffer zone in actual fact. The two fountains are the only two things worth viewing apart from the REB itself. Perhaps it is worth follwing the Golden Mile trail if you have more time. The overall experience …
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Before I visited Melbourne’s World Heritage Site, the Royal Exhibition Building, I had no expectation after reading few negative reviews and I already knew that I had no chance to see the interior since the university booked the building as examination venue for the whole week. I entered this UNESCO complex from the rear side of Carlton Park. This side of the park was peaceful with many lawns and big trees along the pathways, typical English styled garden, actually I quite enjoyed the park as I already gave up the idea of exploring its OUV on botany. Then I saw the gigantic complex of modern Melbourne Museum. Maybe there was no special exhibition during my visit, I did not feel that the museum got more attention from the Royal Exhibition Building. Actually, I deeply impressed the contrast of these two buildings.
While I was watching groups of skaters practicing their moves in front of the eastern gates of the Royal Exhibition Building, suddenly all the gates opened and people came out, maybe the morning exam was finally over. Fortunately, I got a chance to peek inside to see the interior of the building! From a quick look the building did surprisingly remind me Wartburg Castle’s famous Sängersaal but much bigger, simpler and more industrial looking. Then I continued to see the famous Hochgurtel Fountain in front of the building. This side of the garden was really lively with many people, locals and tourists. I even saw many tour groups …
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Australia has many iconic sites that have become World Heritage Sites: the Great Barrier Reef, Uluru, the Sydney Opera House; and then it has the much lesser known Royal Exhibition Hall in Melbourne. Had it not been inscribed as a World Heritage Site, I might not have heard about this building when I made plans to tour Australia in June 2012. I appreciate the audacity of the World Heritage committee to recognize the great international expositions of the late 1800s and early 1900s by choosing this site which held the first official World's Fair in the Southern Hemisphere -- quite a feat to pull off in the late 1800s, when international travel required significant time and planning. I've visited what remains of the sites of other great fairs, including those in Chicago, Paris, St. Louis, and San Francisco, so I was looking forward to seeing the inside of this hall. Unfortunately, school exams were in progress my one day in Melbourne, so I was relegated to appreciate the domed building from the outside -- and it was impressive. One day I'll have to return, especially since Michael Turtle's photos of the inside are so fascinating. As for the Carlton Gardens, which are also inscribed, I found them well kept, but rather ordinary.
Logistics: The Royal Exhibition Building is easily reached by the free City Circle Tram.
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This is an incredible building and I'm surprised it's not a more popular tourist attraction in Melbourne. Perhaps it doesn't market itself that well. It was used for several very important events in Australian history - in particular, the opening of the country's first parliament. The way the colour scheme has been restored to the one for that event is appreciated and it has a lovely federation feel to it.
The hall is still used most weekends for shows and fairs but I would recommend going on the tour on weekday afternoons to see it without all the clutter so you can appreciate everything a bit better.
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The building is as impressive as it has to be. It's not a grand cathedral (thankfully). It is as it is named - a relic of the 1800s Great Exhibitions and that it still serves the purpose of hosting exhibitions to this day is very cool indeed.
The cultural significance to the nation is largely that from Federation in 1901 it housed the sitting of the Federal Parliament until 1927. It also housed events during the 1956 Melbourne Olympics. And my daughter and I have exhibited there this year at the annual Lego Brickvention. Okay - she and I don't quite share the same WHS significance but to me it's the great thing that it isn't something so austere as to only be admired from a distance.
And as Emilia said - visit Melbourne during footy season - go see Aussie Rules footy.
btw - the Italian restaurant precinct is Lygon St in Carlton.
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Contrary to what I read from other reviews, I must say I really enjoyed visiting the Royal Exhibition Hall. This was not in the least due to the fact that when I was visiting Melbourne, the exhibition hall was opened and in use for an annual art expo, so count me a very lucky man. The majestic grandeur of the building and colorful interior were emphasized by the tumult and spirit that the exposition brought along. The interior is beautifully restored to match the original schemes set in 1901 and a must see for anyone slightly interested in design and architecture. I stroled around for almost two hours, enjoying the feeling and awe that 19th century visitors of the Melbourne International Exhibitions must have shared with me. So if you're in the neighborhood, definitely check the calendar for opening times/exhibitions of the Royal Exhibition Building.
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My visit last week revealed that winter has left the frontage of this site even less inspiring than usual with the fountain surrounded by mud and looking particularly uncared for. And it is unbelievable that there is still a car park at the front of the building.
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I really enjoyed Melbourne. It gave me very good vibes. But can someone please explain to me why this site was inscribed? I do not get it. I cannot. I tried, but I failed miserably.
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I am sorry to the people of Melbourne, but this really is one of the least interesting WHS among the 401 that I have visited. In retrospect, back at my hotel room after a site visit of about 15 minutes, I think the worst thing is that no real effort is made to highlight the building or the gardens. All attention goes to the adjacent Melbourne Museum, currently the venue of a popular Tutanchamun exhibition.
- The gardens are pitiful. The AB evaluation notes that they are at least of "considerable botanical significance for their collections of trees". It looked like a regular small city park to me, one you can see in every city around the world.
- The complex isn't authentic. ICOMOS already had a lot of doubts about that and suggested deferral of the nomination. The building of the main Industry Hall is probably the only original feature left. The northern gardens have been turned into a kid's playground, and several outbuildings have been demolished. And of course, there's the Melbourne Museum, a 2000 addition right in the core zone. ICOMOS doubted it would have allowed its construction if the Exhibition Building already had been a WHS at that time.
- It is unclear how and when to visit the interior. According to the official website, guided visits can be booked from the Melbourne Museum. I enquired at the ticket office, but no visit was scheduled for the day I was there. The reaction I got …

In a conversation with a person that was born after the The Royal Exhibition Buildings hosted the 1880 International Exhibition, I was told that much artefacts & large works of art were left on site when the exhibition was finished.
The "treasures" were so impressive that no one dared destroy or steal them. The person I spoke to, said that he found a way to visit the store rooms where they were kept in 1962. The most impresssive was the Chinese Lacquered timber house.
Many of the artefacts were beggining to show wear, as they have not been kept in appropriate conditions.
Some of the countries that exhibited, no longer exist. It is another good reason to salvage these items, and put them on show, piece by piece in the building itself.
The Royal Exhibition Buildings and gardens were surrounded with very ornate 2.44 metre high cast iron fences & gates, to keep people from the surrounding slum areas out at night. When inner Melbourne was no longer surrounded by desperately poor people the cast iron fences and gates were removed. I believe that was in 1962.
The remains of the very ornate cast iron fence is a heavy Basalt stone blocks that formed the base. Much deliberate damage was done to the stonework, but much of it can be restored.
I have for many years been trying to get people interested in restoring the stone work, but not many show an interest. I have been hoping that once the …
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What the picture does not show, next to this gem of 19th century hope, the stealing of park land and compromising the World Heritage building and its surrounds.
As some one wanted the land the museum was to be build on, they transferred the museum and carpark, a little Disneyland, a few metres away from the "Royal Exhibition Building". We hope the next generation will demolish this attack on the World Heritage building.
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Finally, a WHS in Melbourne! Melbourne was home for 3 years and it will forever be a special place. I've walked through the Carlton Gardens many times and yes, the building is impressive. However, if you go to Melbourne, make sure you also go to the Queen Victoria Market (one of my favourite haunts). There are too many excellent restaurants to name! Oh, and also check out an Aussie Rules football match. It's a fun time!
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What a mixture of different architectural styles there are in this one building. A mixture of Romanesque, Renaissance and Byzantine.
I was told that from 1902 the building became Australia's Federal Parliament Building, until the new capital was built at Canberra. It is sometimes used for exhibitions again now.
The site includes the Carlton Gardens, which probably look great in spring, but in the winter they looked drab
It cost $5 to go in, and you can only see inside on a tour, at set times
The City Circle trams stop at the entrance to the garden
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