Shombob

3.00 United States - 05-Mar-25 -

I visited Taxila from Islamabad a few days ago. I would recommend the trip to anyone who is spending more than a few days in Islamabad, but I did much prefer Makli and the Mughal sites in Lahore (I haven't visited Rohtas Fort, Moenjodaro, or Takht-i-Bahi). The positives of visiting Taxila are the ease of getting here, the large number of sites, and how unique it is to see ancient Buddhist artifacts in Pakistan. The negatives were the visible degradation, the lack of helpful signage to understand what you are seeing, and the too persistent guides.

Positives:

The museum, not technically one of the UNESCO sites, is where you should start and is one of the nicer museums I've been to in Pakistan. Taxila is unique for the multitude of different cultures, peoples, and religions that coexisted and succeeded each other. You will hear about, if not really understand that you're seeing evidence of, Greek paganism, Jains, Zoroastrians, and Christians, in addition to the Greco-Buddhist art. If you have visited the temple of the tooth in Kandy, you will be pleased to see that the Thai government has sponsored an exhibit here where two other of Buddha's teeth supposedly are. I found the Greek artistic influences on the Buddhas and scenes of worshippers fascinating. You can see evidence of this influence in the Corinthian columns, hair swirls, and the style of the togas. Some of the scenes in relief are preserved in great detail, but it would have been great if the placards explained them.

After the museum, I visited Sirkap, then Dharmarajika, and briefly Jaulian. The signage for driving is great. I hired a car for the day and it is best to follow the signs as the Google maps location for Dharmarajika is off. 

Negatives:

I'll preface this by saying I did not hire a local guide, just a car for the day. At other sites in South Asia, I've found guides not super helpful as well as pushy. I also like to set my own pace (I only spent about 3 hours across all the sites). Because of this, YMMV.

The artifacts in the museum have sadly been stripped away from where they were found. When walking through the museum, it is a bit unclear which artifacts belonged to which sites. Placards mostly just note the subject/title and approximate year. Despite having done some background reading in advance on the history of successive civilizations, I still found it hard to follow. When walking around the sites outdoors, one wonders what the placements of these relics might have been.

In addition, farmers and shepherds have access to the excavated and un-excavated sites and will be walking with their animals by you. When they plow the land, apparently they find new relics. This was told to try to convince me to buy some coins supposedly found here, which I refused. Either they are real and should not be looted from the sites, or (most likely) they are expensive forgeries. Still, I don't doubt that locals do come across artifacts, as the sites are left fully unprotected and only about 10% of some places like Sirkap city have been excavated. Taxila as a whole, despite being much cleaner than Makli, for instance, seems more at active risk of losing its history.

Finally, the guides. From the museum onwards, I could not shake off guides. This was a theme of my whole visit, perhaps because I was a solo American woman and it was relatively empty during Ramzan, and it made me cut my trip short. This was in spite of multiple precautions I took. First, I traveled by a normal unmarked car with no fanfare. Also, I wore an abaya, dupatta, and mask to try to avoid any attention. I would recommend similar conservative clothing and not attracting attention to any foreigners. It started with the first guide at the museum, who was nice but not very helpful. In the end, I had to tip 3 guides within the museum, because they kept wanting to show me something else, and one at each of the sites I went to, in addition to paying for parking. I could have been more persistent in asking to be left alone, but the male guides would relentlessly follow me. In one case, a man literally ran after me. Since there was almost no signage and I was slightly worried about my safety, I did not press the matter. At one point at Dharmarajika, I heard some locals yelling in Urdu to a potential guide to come speak English to the white girl. I've solo traveled around South Asia off and on for the last 7 years, was speaking to them in Urdu, and wearing culturally appropriate dress, and still felt like this was a next level of annoyance.

I'm not sure what I would recommend doing differently to be able to take full advantage of a world heritage site, but left frustrated after just a few sites. I hope this insight can be useful to someone else visiting.

Zoë Sheng

3.50 Chinese-Canadian - 20-Oct-19 -

It took me 2 years to get into Pakistan. 4 trips to the embassy to request a hiking trip up around Gilgit coming from the Karakoram Highway but I still couldn't convince the officer it was safe and the tour agency didn't seem helpful once they got their money for an invitation letter. Since then there is e-visa. For me I have to apply for a business visa, also a first, but it seems most arriving on a business don't really business here and just pay for an invitation letter. On the other hand, visa fee was waived.

The immigration officer fell heads over heals for me (alternate motive? paving a path to get abroad or my getting his hands on my imaginary monopoly money piles? Second wife? But anyhow he offered to take me out to Mardan and Taxila and my welcome to Pakistan couldn't be better. I met him up at the Taxila museum which I explored on my own. There is a nice app for the museum that will make some display cases easier to understand, although the security guard gave me a rundown of the first one as well (I stopped him not wanting a guide or start shelling out tips for services I didn't ask for). Whereas the museum isn't bad and makes for a good introduction, it's a real shame that they ripped out many artefacts from the original locations to display here.

Second stop was Jaulian, the old monastery. This is probably a must see amongst all available sites. It requires a separate ticket because you cross state lines (as far as I understand). 500 is still a decent ticket price for how much you get to see. Very to the actual site requires some steps, a lot of steps actually, and October is still warm here. A few guides will greet you at the top. I believe this is included in the price although they do expect a tip. Without them it would be hard to see anything here and they have to unlock gates for you. My highlight was the chapel with the lovely carved niche, not ripped out and places into the museum. Many other stupas have been damaged over time and only some parts are clrarly visible. The entire place is covered with a roof but rain waa hardly the worst offender here. Fire, earthquakes, invasions did much damage. According to the guide 80% is still hidden under dirt, but lack of funding, expertise, policies, protocol, all prevent this from being done - but I also wonder what would be down there worth digging up of we already saw the main stupa.

For me this was Pakistan's top site (although kinda of on par with the gardens in Lahore).

Solivagant

4.00 UK - 20-Dec-13 -

Taxila is one of those archaeological sites which seem to have a bit of everything - remains of different cultures from Mesolithic to Mediaeval encompassing Buddhism, Hinduism, Zoroastrianism, Islam and Christianity, connections with Alexander the Great and the Silk Road and a great story of late 19th and early 20th century archaeology. It is not a single excavated city but a whole series of remains spread out across the Taxila valley around 30kms NW of Islamabad just where the foothills of the Himalaya begin to become really noticeable. This location put it literally at a “cross roads” of 3 trading routes. In terms of what there is for the average interested person to view, these relate primarily to the period between 2nd C BC and 4th C AD focussed on a Buddhist culture known as Gandharan.

There are at least 50 different sites in the valley, of which 18 have been given ID numbers by UNESCO so you will need to choose between these taking into account your available time, means of transport and interests! There is also a fine museum which needs to be fitted in, both for what it has on show and for its early 20th C ambiance with high wooden ceilings, wonderful glass cabinets, brass fittings and leather chairs! It is also something of a shrine to Sir John Marshall who spent some 20 years excavating at Taxila, initiated its construction and whose office is still on show. My recommendation would be to go to the museum before going out to the sites (Say 45 minutes to 1 hour) but also try to revisit on your return. It contains a useful 3D model of the valley and rebuilt stupas, both of which will help make sense of what you will see.

The individual sites can be divided into Towns/Cities and Monasteries/Temples and you should certainly aim to take in at least one of each - and this even if you have been or are going to the WHS monastery of Takht e-bahi situated another 130kms towards Afghanistan. By the way, although it might just about be possible, and would seem to avoid the need to do the trip out to Taxila twice if you are centred on Islambad/Rawalpindi (We did this to avoid visiting/staying at the currently potentially more dangerous town of Peshawar for which, as of Dec 2013, the UKFO has a “No travel” advisory issued), I would NOT consider trying to cover both sites in a single day.

We visited Sirkap “city”, together with Jaulian and Dhamarajika monasteries and, from what I saw/read, the first 2 are pretty “essential” viewing, with anything else being fitted in according to time and inclination. Dharamajika was 2.5kms East of the museum in the “wrong” direction as there are other sites near the road out NE to both Sirkap/Jaulian but it still seemed the next most significant monastery after Jaulian (which was our furthest point around 7kms from the museum) – there is a footpath from it to Sirkap which could be a pleasant way of making a circuit. Our guide was a bit upset that Pakistan has recently introduced a separate entrance fee for each site whereas they all used to be on 1 ticket (the Museum has always been extra). Whether the $2 fee pp will alter your view on how many sites you visit is up to you! Seeing these 3 sites and the museum (twice) pretty thoroughly with a car took us around 5 hours.

Sirkap is very much an “archaeological dig site” with uncovered walls rarely rising more than 1-2 metres above the lowered ground level. It consists primarily of a single 700m long street with buildings on either side separated from each other by narrow lanes. In front of these, the remains of small shops can be made out. Within some of the buildings are the bases of what were clearly stupas or similar religious structures. Some of these have visible carvings these have been assigned names such as “shrine of the double headed eagle”. And some have been identified as being of the Jain religion - though I couldn’t really identify why! At the far end of the street is a complex described as having been a palace. Legend has it that the disciple St Thomas came to the city in 46AD and met the king in that building. It was interesting to meet a Pakistani Christian family peacefully praying and picnicking there on a pilgrimage. The next day on the way to Takht-i-bahi we saw the remains of the Lutheran church in Mardan burnt down in Sep 2012 by a mob during anti-US demonstrations against the film “Innocence of Muslims”. We met a few Christians across the trip and tried hard to get a better feeling from them of the reality of being a one in contemporary Pakistan and received rather mixed messages - have look at this.

Jaulian Stupa and monastery are described in Isobel Shaw’s guide as “the best preserved buildings at Taxila, and the only ones in Pakistan that give you some idea of what the original decoration round a stupa was like. A roof protects the plaster statues… and the site is guarded day and night”. The site is situated on a hill (rather like, but not as high as, Takht-i-bahi). Although it is pleasant to walk around the various buildings, courtyards, monks cells etc, it is absolutely essential to get the chowkidar to open the gates to the caged covered area (he will want a tip for doing so!) so you can get close up to the stupas and examine the details of the art work. The reason for the protection is that these are all made of stucco rather than stone so, once uncovered, they needed to be protected. In some cases a notice indicates that the stupa or Buddha statue at that location had been removed to the museum (sometimes replaced by a copy). It is rather difficult to imagine what it might all have looked like when fully plastered, gilded and in use for rituals - I used Myanmar’s Shwe Dagon as my reference point! At this point what you might have seen in the museum becomes of use as it enables you to imagine the full stupa with its canopy of stone umbrellas (Photo).

Dharamajika is another Stupa and Monastery complex – its particular aspect is that it is the oldest in Pakistan, going back to 3rd C BC when Ashoka built the orginal stupa supposedly containing some of the ashes of the Buddha. Over the centuries it was enlarged and a monastery grew around it – the visible remains cover a period up to 5th C AD. There isn’t a lot of art work on display as most of what was discovered is in the museum but it is a pleasant site to wonder around in a countryside setting and isn’t over restored or “regulated”.

So, Taxila needs a bit of time and effort, both physical and mental, to make sense of. Its values are not obvious and in-your-face, but we enjoyed our visit. This report by Global Heritage Fund (GHF) contains detailed photos of the 3 sites we visited and background on the history and condition as of around 2006 -  . But the situation hasn’t improved. And it could just be a matter of time before this site also gets considered for placing on the UNESCO “In danger” list. In May 2012 GHF placed it on its own list of the top 10 most endangered sites in Asia.

Jona Lendering

Holland - 01-May-05 -

I've visited Taxila twice in May 2004; the site can easily be reached from the Grand Trunk Road, which connects Islamabad and Peshawar.

There are several subsites at Taxila, such as Bhir Mound (the oldest part), Sirkap and Sirsukh (two later cities), a giant stupa, a Greek-style temple (called Jandial) and several Buddhist monasteries. A bicycle or a rented taxi can be useful, because the distances between these parts of Taxila are pretty large. At all these sites, it is easy to hire an English-speaking guide, but I was not always impressed by their quality.

The museum is excellent.

More info at http://www.livius.org/ta-td/taxila/taxila.htm